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Khirbet el-Qom (or: al-Kum) is an archaeological tomb-site (two tombs) in the territory of the biblical kingdom of Judah, between Lachish and Hebron, 14 kms to the West of the latter. A cache of 1,700 ostraca in Aramaic, dating from the Persian and Hellenistic periods, during which the area was classified as the Persian province of Idumea, with a mixed population of North Arabs, Edomites and Jews.〔André Lemaire, 'Edom and the Edomites,' in André Lemaire,Baruch Halpern (eds.), ( ''The Books of Kings: Sources, Composition, Historiography and Reception,'' ) BRILL 2010pp.225-245 p.243.〕 The site is called Maqqedah in the Idumean ostraca .〔David F. Graf, 'Petra and the Nabataeans in the Early Hellenistic Period: the literary and archaeological evidence,' in Michel Mouton,Stephan G. Schmid (eds.), ( ''Men on the Rocks: The Formation of Nabataean Petra,'' ) Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH, 2013 pp.35-55 p.47〕 One tomb bears an inscription with the phrase "...by his Asherah".〔(Meindert Djikstra, ''I Have Blessed you by YHWH of Samaria and his Asherah: Texts With Religious Elements from the Soil Archive of Ancient Israel'', in Bob Becking, (ed), "Only One God? Monotheism in Ancient Israel and the Veneration of the Goddess Asherah" (Sheffield Academic Press, 2001), p.p.32-34 )〕 The tombs were investigated by William Dever in 1967 following their discovery by tomb-robbers and following the earlier discoveries of Asherah-relating inscriptions at Kuntillet Ajrud. Both tombs contain inscriptions. The inscription from Tomb 2 is associated with a "magic hand" symbol, and reads: ::"Uriyahu the honourable has written this ::Blessed is/be Uriyahu by Yahweh ::And () from his oppressors by his asherah he has saved him ::() by Oniyahu" ::"...by his asherah ::...and his asherah"〔(Keel, Othmar, and Uehlinger, Christoph, "Gods, goddesses, and images of God in ancient Israel" (Fortress Press, 1998) p.239. )〕 The inscriptions date from the second half of the 8th century BCE, slightly after the Kuntillet Ajrud inscriptions. Unlike the Kuntillet Ajrud inscriptions, they do not include a place-name with the name of Yahweh (the Kuntillet Ajrud inscriptions talk of "Yahweh of Samaria" and "Yahweh of Teman"); this seems to indicate that they were written after the fall of Samaria, which left Yahweh as the god of one state only.〔(Keel, Othmar, and Uehlinger, Christoph, "Gods, goddesses, and images of God in ancient Israel" (Fortress Press, 1998) p.239. )〕 ==See also== *Kuntillet Ajrud *Asherah *Biblical archaeology *History of ancient Israel and Judah 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Khirbet el-Qom」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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